magento 2 get custom attribute in customerdata cart

asalmes

3 min read

·

30-11-2024

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Retrieving custom customer attributes within the Magento 2 cart's customerData object requires a bit of finesse. This article outlines the process, explaining how to leverage the Magento framework to seamlessly access this information and utilize it within your custom modules or themes. Understanding this allows for personalized shopping experiences based on customer-specific data.

Understanding the Structure

Magento 2's customerData object provides a wealth of information about the currently logged-in customer. However, custom attributes aren't directly included by default. You'll need to explicitly add them. This is typically done via a plugin or an observer.

The Challenge: Default Behavior

The default customerData object only contains core customer attributes. If you've added a custom attribute to your customer entities (e.g., "favorite_color," "newsletter_subscription"), it won't automatically appear in the cart's customerData section. This is because Magento needs explicit instructions on how to include this data.

Method 1: Using a Plugin

This approach intercepts the existing data provider and adds your custom attribute. It's generally cleaner and more maintainable than using an observer.

Step 1: Create a Plugin

Create a plugin that intercepts the execute() method of the Magento\Customer\CustomerData\Section\Account provider:

<type name="Magento\Customer\CustomerData\Section\Account">
    <plugin name="custom_attribute_plugin" type="Vendor\Module\Plugin\Account"/>
</type>

Step 2: Implement the Plugin

Create the plugin class (Vendor\Module\Plugin\Account) and add your custom attribute:

<?php

namespace Vendor\Module\Plugin;

class Account
{
    protected $customerRepositoryInterface;

    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface $customerRepositoryInterface
    ) {
        $this->customerRepositoryInterface = $customerRepositoryInterface;
    }

    public function afterExecute(
        \Magento\Customer\CustomerData\Section\Account $subject,
        $result
    ) {
        $customerId = $subject->getCustomerSession()->getCustomerId();
        if ($customerId) {
            $customer = $this->customerRepositoryInterface->getById($customerId);
            $result['custom_attribute'] = $customer->getCustomAttribute('attribute_code')->getValue();
        }
        return $result;
    }
}

Replace 'attribute_code' with the actual code of your custom attribute. Remember to adjust namespaces to match your module's structure.

Step 3: Access in your Template or Javascript

Once the plugin is active, you can access the custom attribute in your phtml template or Javascript using:

<?php echo $block->getData('custom_attribute'); ?> 

Or in Javascript (using Magento's customerData object):

require([
    'Magento_Customer/js/model/customer'
], function (customer) {
    console.log(customer.get('custom_attribute'));
});

Method 2: Using an Observer

While less preferred than plugins for this specific task, an observer offers an alternative.

Step 1: Create an Observer

Create an observer that listens to the customer_data_prepare event:

<event name="customer_data_prepare">
    <observer name="add_custom_attribute_to_customer_data" instance="Vendor\Module\Observer\AddCustomAttribute"/>
</event>

Step 2: Implement the Observer

Create the observer class (Vendor\Module\Observer\AddCustomAttribute):

<?php

namespace Vendor\Module\Observer;

use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Event\Observer;

class AddCustomAttribute implements ObserverInterface
{
    protected $customerRepositoryInterface;

    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface $customerRepositoryInterface
    ) {
        $this->customerRepositoryInterface = $customerRepositoryInterface;
    }

    public function execute(Observer $observer)
    {
        $customerDataObject = $observer->getData('customer_data');
        $customerId = $customerDataObject->getCustomerId();

        if ($customerId) {
            try {
                $customer = $this->customerRepositoryInterface->getById($customerId);
                $customerDataObject->setCustomAttribute($customer->getCustomAttribute('attribute_code')->getValue());
            } catch (\Exception $e) {
                // Handle exceptions appropriately
            }
        }
        return $this;
    }
}

Again, replace 'attribute_code' with your custom attribute's code.

Step 3: Access in your Template or Javascript

Access the data in your template or Javascript as described in Method 1.

Important Considerations

• Error Handling: Implement robust error handling (e.g., try-catch blocks) to gracefully manage potential issues, such as the customer not being logged in or the attribute not existing.
• Performance: Avoid unnecessary database queries. Optimize your code to retrieve the necessary data efficiently. Caching mechanisms could improve performance for frequently accessed attributes.
• Attribute Type: The method for accessing the attribute value (getValue()) might need adjustments depending on the attribute's data type. For example, you might need to handle arrays or serialized data differently.
• Security: Ensure your code adheres to Magento's security best practices. Validate inputs and sanitize data to prevent vulnerabilities.

By following these methods, you can successfully integrate your custom customer attributes into the Magento 2 cart's customerData object, enabling more personalized and engaging shopping experiences for your customers. Remember to choose the method (plugin or observer) that best suits your project's structure and maintainability preferences. Plugins are generally preferred for this type of modification.