fox tracks vs coyote tracks

asalmes

3 min read

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01-12-2024

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Identifying animal tracks can be a fun and rewarding way to connect with nature. Two often-confused tracks belong to the fox and the coyote. Both are canids, meaning they belong to the dog family, and share some similarities in their prints. However, there are key differences that, with a little practice, you can learn to distinguish.

Understanding Canine Tracks

Before diving into the specifics, let's establish some basic characteristics of canine tracks. Canine tracks are generally characterized by four toes, with a noticeable absence of a thumb print (like a human hand). The pads and claws leave distinct impressions in soft ground.

The size and shape of the tracks can vary depending on the size and gait of the animal, as well as the substrate (the surface the animal is walking on). This means you should not rely on size alone; rather, you will need to pay attention to several key characteristics to differentiate between fox and coyote tracks.

Fox Tracks: Smaller and More Elliptical

Size and Shape

Fox tracks are significantly smaller than coyote tracks. A fox's track measures roughly 1 to 1.5 inches in length, while a coyote's is substantially larger. The shape is more elliptical or oval-shaped, rather than round.

Claw Marks

Fox tracks often, but not always, show claw marks. These marks appear as small indentations at the front of the toe prints. The depth of the claw marks depends on the substrate's softness and the animal's gait.

Gait and Track Pattern

Foxes often have a more "shuffling" gait, leading to a less clearly defined track pattern. However, understanding gait requires observing a series of prints to get a picture of the animal's stride length and pattern.

Coyote Tracks: Larger and More Rounded

Size and Shape

Coyote tracks are much larger, typically measuring 2 to 3 inches in length. The overall shape tends to be more rounded than elliptical, especially compared to the narrower fox tracks.

Claw Marks

Coyote claw marks are less frequently visible than fox claw marks. The claws often retract more fully, leaving little or no impression in the ground.

Gait and Track Pattern

Coyotes tend to have a more defined gait, resulting in a clearer pattern of prints. Their stride is often more lengthened than that of a fox.

How to Distinguish: A Step-by-Step Guide

1. Measure the Track

The first step is to carefully measure the length and width of the track. A ruler or even a coin can be used for comparison. Remember to photograph or sketch your findings for future reference.

2. Assess the Shape

Examine the overall shape of the print. Is it elongated and oval, suggesting a fox? Or is it more rounded and broader, indicating a coyote?

3. Look for Claw Marks

Check for the presence of claw marks. While not always present, their visibility can be a helpful indicator. Foxes are more likely to show claw marks.

4. Consider the Surroundings

The location of the track can provide additional clues. Foxes may be found in more wooded areas, while coyotes tend to roam more open spaces. However, this isn't a definitive factor.

5. Analyze the Gait Pattern

If possible, locate a series of tracks and note the stride length and pattern. Coyotes generally have a more distinct and regular pattern.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I tell the difference between a fox and a coyote track based on a single print?

It can be difficult to be certain with a single print. Multiple tracks, ideally showing the gait pattern, provide much better identification.

Q: What other animals might have similar tracks?

Domestic dogs can be mistaken for coyotes or foxes. Size and the degree of claw impression may help to distinguish domestic dog tracks, which tend to vary depending on breed.

Q: Where can I learn more about animal tracking?

Many excellent resources are available online and in libraries. Check out guides to animal tracking in your region for a comprehensive understanding. You can also join local nature groups or attend workshops on animal tracking.

Mastering the art of identifying fox and coyote tracks takes time and practice. The more you observe and compare tracks, the better you'll become at distinguishing between these two fascinating canids. Remember to always respect wildlife and maintain a safe distance.