10 frame langstroth hive dimensions

3 min read 30-11-2024

The Langstroth hive, invented by Reverend Lorenzo Langstroth in the 1850s, remains the most popular beehive design worldwide. Understanding the precise dimensions of a 10-frame Langstroth hive is crucial for beekeepers to ensure proper colony health and honey production. This guide will break down the standard measurements, offering a comprehensive understanding of this essential beekeeping component.

Key Components & Their Dimensions

A 10-frame Langstroth hive consists of several interconnected boxes:

1. The Bottom Board

Dimensions: Typically varies slightly depending on the manufacturer, but generally around 20" x 20".
Function: Provides a solid base for the hive, often with an entrance for bees. Some bottom boards are screened for ventilation or mite control.

2. The Deep Hive Body (Brood Box)

Dimensions: 19 7/8" x 16 1/8" x 9 5/8" (internal measurements). External dimensions vary slightly depending on the manufacturer and the thickness of the wood.
Function: Houses the brood nest where the queen lays eggs and the colony raises young bees. This is often the largest box in the hive.

3. The Medium Super

Dimensions: 19 7/8" x 16 1/8" x 6 5/8" (internal measurements). External dimensions vary slightly.
Function: Used for honey storage, usually placed above the brood boxes. Beekeepers may use medium supers or shallow supers, depending on their preference.

4. The Shallow Super

Dimensions: 19 7/8" x 16 1/8" x 5 11/16" (internal measurements). External dimensions vary slightly.
Function: Also used for honey storage, smaller than medium supers. Preferred by some beekeepers for lighter lifting.

5. Frames

Dimensions (Internal): 17 1/4" x 9 1/8" (this is the inside dimension of the frame, not the overall dimension). External dimensions vary with the type of wood.
Function: Provide a structure for comb building. The foundation (wax sheet) is placed in the frame to guide the bees in building straight combs.

6. The Inner Cover

Dimensions: Slightly smaller than the hive body, allowing for some space between the cover and the frames. Exact dimensions vary.
Function: Provides insulation and prevents drafts. It often has a hole for ventilation.

7. The Outer Cover (Telescoping Cover)

Dimensions: Slightly larger than the hive body and inner cover, providing weather protection. Dimensions vary between manufacturers.
Function: Protects the hive from the elements (rain, sun, snow).

8. The Queen Excluder (Optional)

Dimensions: Generally the same size as the hive bodies and supers, but with a grid to prevent the queen from entering the honey supers. Dimensions vary.
Function: Keeps the queen confined to the brood chamber, preventing egg laying in honey supers.

Understanding Internal vs. External Dimensions

It's essential to distinguish between internal and external dimensions. Internal dimensions refer to the space within the hive body or super where the frames sit. External dimensions include the thickness of the wood. Always check the manufacturer's specifications to ensure a proper fit for your hive components.

Variations in Langstroth Hive Dimensions

While the above dimensions represent the standard for 10-frame Langstroth hives, minor variations exist. These differences may arise from the type of wood used, manufacturing tolerances, or slight variations in design. Always double-check dimensions before purchasing components to ensure compatibility.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the best type of wood for a Langstroth hive?

A: Cedar and pine are popular choices due to their durability and resistance to rot. However, other woods can be used as long as they are treated appropriately.

Q: Can I use different sized supers on the same hive?

A: Yes, many beekeepers use a combination of deep brood boxes and medium or shallow supers for honey storage. However, ensure the supers fit snugly on the hive bodies.

Q: Where can I buy Langstroth hive components?

A: Many beekeeping supply companies offer a wide range of Langstroth hive components. You can also find plans to build your own hive online.

By understanding the dimensions of a 10-frame Langstroth hive, you can ensure your bees have a comfortable and productive home. Remember to always check manufacturer specifications before purchasing components. Happy beekeeping!